Evolución de la utilización de los recursos y el cambio climático en Oceanía
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52109/cyp2023547Palabras clave:
Islas del Pacífico, sistemas de uso sostenible de la tierra, conocimientos tradicionales, mercados, calentamiento globalResumen
La larga y paulatina colonización de las islas del Pacífico dio lugar a asentamientos adaptados al medio y con redes sociales cohesionadas en la actualidad, que poco a poco se fusionaron o fueron desplazados por los modos de vida, el comercio y la gobernanza occidentales. Se hace un repaso histórico de los procesos de descubrimiento de islas, domesticación de plantas y de las repercusiones en la vida salvaje, junto con los principales motores socioeconómicos del cambio de la cubierta terrestre. Aunque los estados insulares comparten ancestros y entornos comunes, existen diferencias significativas en cuanto a la cubierta forestal, la actividad agrícola, la situación de la fauna y el uso tradicional de los biorrecursos. Una reevaluación de los últimos y de la aplicabilidad de las prácticas tradicionales puede ayudar a invertir el círculo vicioso de pobreza con degradación medioambiental en las vulnerables sociedades rurales insulares que tienen que soportar los cambios climáticos y emprender la industrialización de sus pequeñas economías. El documento también pretende desvelar una serie de posibles temas de investigación que, por lo general, no se tienen suficientemente en cuenta en el mundo académico.
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